{"id":11650,"date":"2023-04-13T02:50:00","date_gmt":"2023-04-13T02:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/boliviamedica.org\/interesante\/?p=11650"},"modified":"2023-04-13T02:50:47","modified_gmt":"2023-04-13T02:50:47","slug":"la-migrana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/boliviamedica.org\/interesante\/la-migrana\/","title":{"rendered":"La migra\u00f1a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Es posible que alguna vez hay\u00e1is visto a alguien, o incluso usted, sufrir un fuerte dolor de cabeza que limita el d\u00eda a d\u00eda y en el que cuesta incluso abrir los ojos. Esto puede tratarse de una migra\u00f1a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es una migra\u00f1a y qu\u00e9 tipos existen?<\/h2>\n

Se denomina migra\u00f1a a un tipo de dolor de cabeza que se manifiesta con un dolor de cabeza intenso, en la mayor\u00eda de casos puls\u00e1til.<\/p>\n

Existen dos tipos principales de migra\u00f1a, la cl\u00e1sica (con aura) y la com\u00fan (sin aura). El aura es un grupo de s\u00edntomas neurol\u00f3gicos y su aparici\u00f3n suele ser un indicativo de un episodio de migra\u00f1a, aunque no siempre lo es.<\/p>\n

Este tipo de dolor de cabeza suele manifestarse por primera vez entre los 10 y los 45 a\u00f1os, pero pueden aparecer antes o despu\u00e9s de esas edades. En ocasiones son hereditarias (se tiene predisposici\u00f3n por los genes a sufrirla), y se presentan en mayor medida en las mujeres.<\/p>\n

Causas y factores de riesgo de la migra\u00f1a<\/h2>\n

Aunque se cree que la migra\u00f1a puede estar relacionada por cambios en la qu\u00edmica cerebral, involucrando tambi\u00e9n las v\u00edas nerviosas, su fisiopatolog\u00eda a\u00fan no es clara.<\/p>\n

Los ataques pueden desencadenarse por estos factores:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Bebidas, alimentos y sustancias como el alcohol, el caf\u00e9, el queso, el chocolate, el glutamato, los l\u00e1cteos, algunas frutas, las cebollas, los embutidos y los frutos secos.<\/li>\n
  • Patrones de sue\u00f1o irregulares.<\/li>\n
  • Cambios hormonales.<\/li>\n
  • Estr\u00e9s, ansiedad y otros problemas emocionales.<\/li>\n
  • Deshidrataci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n
  • Factores ambientales, como luces intensas, humo, olores fuertes, ruido.<\/li>\n
  • Ejercicio o esfuerzo f\u00edsico.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    S\u00edntomas y efectos de la migra\u00f1a<\/h2>\n

    Mientras que la migra\u00f1a com\u00fan, o sin aura, genera un dolor palpitante en un lado de la cabeza, la migra\u00f1a con aura puede generar la siguiente sintomatolog\u00eda:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Dolor sordo, puls\u00e1til, que palpita o late con violencia, es peor a un lado de la cabeza, con dolor por detr\u00e1s del ojo o en la parte posterior de la cabeza o el cuello. Empeora con el movimiento.<\/li>\n
    • Escalofr\u00edos.<\/li>\n
    • Aumento de la micci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n
    • P\u00e9rdida de apetito.<\/li>\n
    • N\u00e1useas y\/o v\u00f3mitos.<\/li>\n
    • Hipersensibilidad sensorial (al ruido, olor o luz).<\/li>\n
    • Sudoraci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n
    • Cambios en la visi\u00f3n (tener un punto de ceguera temporal, ver manchas de color, visi\u00f3n borrosa, ver estrellas, l\u00edneas de zigzag o luces destellantes, visi\u00f3n de t\u00fanel).<\/li>\n
    • Dolor en el ojo.<\/li>\n
    • Mareo.<\/li>\n
    • Debilidad.<\/li>\n
    • Entumecimiento y hormigueos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Despu\u00e9s de estos s\u00edntomas pueden aparecer problemas como bostezo recurrente, problemas de concentraci\u00f3n, embotamiento, o dificultad para hablar.<\/p>\n

      Diagn\u00f3stico y tratamiento<\/h2>\n

      El diagn\u00f3stico de la migra\u00f1a se inicia con una anamnesis y una exploraci\u00f3n f\u00edsica. Aunque no existe ning\u00fan examen espec\u00edfico para comprobar que se trata de este problema, en la mayor\u00eda de casos se solicitan pruebas como la tomograf\u00eda computarizada cerebral o una resonancia magn\u00e9tica.<\/p>\n

      En lo referente al tratamiento, el objetivo es aliviar los s\u00edntomas y prevenir nuevos brotes. Para ello es importante tener en cuenta posibles desencadenantes y mantener buenos h\u00e1bitos de alimentaci\u00f3n, sue\u00f1o y control del estr\u00e9s, adem\u00e1s de tomar f\u00e1rmacos.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Es posible que alguna vez hay\u00e1is visto a alguien, o incluso usted, sufrir un fuerte dolor de cabeza que limita el d\u00eda a d\u00eda y en el que cuesta incluso abrir los ojos. Esto puede tratarse de una migra\u00f1a. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es una migra\u00f1a y qu\u00e9 tipos existen? Se denomina migra\u00f1a a un tipo de dolor […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11651,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[61,54],"tags":[63,71],"yoast_head":"\nLa migra\u00f1a - Articulos de Inter\u00e9s Bolivia M\u00e9dica<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/boliviamedica.org\/interesante\/la-migrana\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La migra\u00f1a - Articulos de Inter\u00e9s Bolivia M\u00e9dica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Es posible que alguna vez hay\u00e1is visto a alguien, o incluso usted, sufrir un fuerte dolor de cabeza que limita el d\u00eda a d\u00eda y en el que cuesta incluso abrir los ojos. Esto puede tratarse de una migra\u00f1a. \u00bfQu\u00e9 es una migra\u00f1a y qu\u00e9 tipos existen? 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